An Annotated Bibliography of
Business and Missions Resources
by Mike McLoughlin,
YWAM Marketplace Mission.
May, 1999
Return to Scruples Business & Missions Home Page
Publishers Note: This bibliography was compiled with the help of students in a Business and Missions Class Project at Heritage College and Seminary. My thanks go to the class members: Andrew Leslie; Bryan Klassen; Ben Yang; David Smith; Chris Heis; Jim Chen; Matthew Lawrence; Wendy Martin and Clyde Abbott who contributed annotations to this list.
Annotations are listed Alphabetically by Author. Anonymous Publications are listed first.
Please bring to my attention any corrections or additions to this list at scruples@csi.com.
Being a witness in the international marketplace.
Published by Urbana online.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
This site explains briefly about a seminar which shows that teaching English in a foreign
country can be a vital venue to share Christ’s gospel.
http://www.gospelcom.net/iv/urbana/seminars/#6
.
Encouraging Tentmaking Missionaries.
Advancing Churches in Missions Commitment (ACMC)
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Explores Daniel’s tentmaking career and the qualifications that he exemplified.
http://www.acmc.org/encrgngt.html
.
Global Opportunities
Global Opportunities, 1997.
Website of Tentmaking agency, Global Opportunities (GO). Website includes connection
to various services GO provide, including training materials, training events, application
forms, and contact numbers. Excellent site for tentmakers and would-be tentmakers.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
http://www.globalopps.org/index.html
.
INTENT Tentmakers International Conference Audio Teaching Tape Library
Published by SOUND WORD ASSOCIATES, PO Box 2035Michigan City, IN 46361
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Tape library dating back to 1994 with various messages on the topic of tentmaking.
http://www.kyrios.com/soundword/intent.html
.
Sending Tentmakers.
Advancing Churches in Missions Commitment (ACMC)
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Answers basic tentmaking questions.
http://www.acmc.org/sndtntmk.html
.
Tentmaker Tales.
Published by Global Opportunities Web site
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
True scenarios to stimulate ideas and identification of prospective tentmakers and their
support team.
http://www.globalopps.org/reports.htm
.
Tentmaking Missionaries - A practical guide to tentmaking, especially establishing
tentmaking businesses.
Missionary Training Service (MTS).
LIBRARY MISSIONS WEB RESOURCE
As part of MTS’s services, it provides trainings for tentmakers in areas such
as ‘planting and multiplying house churches’, ‘working as tentmaker’,
‘team ministry’, ‘cross-cultural evangelism’, and ‘language
learning’. The site provides summaries of each of the trainings and some sample
materials to be used in the training sessions.
http://www.btinternet.com/~ajg/mtspage02.htm
.
Tentmaking Teams.
Published by Cedarville College Missions Involvement Services
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Tells some of the ways that Cedarville College in Ohio has been involved in Summer
tentmaking teams.
http://www.cedarville.edu/dept/chrmin/tentmake.htm
.
Tentmaking: the Road to People’s Hearts.
Evangelical Missions Quarterly no. 28 (Jan 1992): 26-29.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Discusses tentmaking as a mission method. Advantages of tentmaking, particularly in the
Islamic context.
.
Tentmaking: the wave of the future.
Published by Urbana online.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
This article is more a reminder to us that our generation is entering a new era of mission
work. Christy is reminded of the great opportunity we have as we enter our workplace
and have the possibility to evangelize. He tells us that we (the people of God) were given
the word of God. Now the people of God need to get to the work of God.
http://www.gospelcom.net/iv/urbana/s27pm_tentmaking.html
.
Video - TENTMAKING : A Way of Life
SIM Missions - postmaster@sim.org.nz
LIBRARY MISSIONS
What is tentmaking anyway? Why is it needed? What makes an effective tentmaker? Would I be
suitable? What difficulties would I meet? These and many more questions are answered
to give a frank profile of the challenges and difficulties of being a tentmaker in
today’s world.
http://www.sim.org/new_zealand/videos.html
.
Adeney, Miriam
God’s Foreign Policy: Practical Ways to help the World’s Poor
Available from Regent College Publishers. Formerly published by Eerdmans, 1984.
LIBRARY MISSIONS
Compassion for the poor propels Christians to action Health care is often our point
of entry. As more people survive, we find we need to help people produce more food. But
what about those without any land? We need to help them create jobs. In the chapter,
‘Business: Helping People Support Themselves,’ three kinds of business
assistance are explored. Some people set up craft businesses for export. Others develop
vocational training schools to train people in locally-needed skills. Still others give
micro loans to enable local entrepreneurs to start or expand small businesses..
.
Adeyemo, Tokunboh, Ronald J. Sider and Vinay Samuel, ed.
Work, Employment and Economics.
Transformation no. 9 (Jan-Mar 1992): 1-24.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Four common work-related challenges to the biblical views. The role of business
enterprise in Christian mission.
.
Baer, Michael R.
Working to Support My Ministry Habit.
Leadership no. 12 (Spring 1991): 113.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Beckman, David M. and Donnelly, Elizabeth Anne.
The Overseas List.
Minneapolis, Minnesota: Augsburg Publishing House. 1979
LIBRARY MISSIONS
Outlines opportunities for living and working in developing countries as tentmakers.
.
Bernbaum, John
Work as Ministry.
Ministry in Daily Life - InterVarsity Christian Fellowship
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Bernbaum sets out to break down the distinctions and hierarchal distinctions amongst
Christians. The premise is that we are all laity, we are all the people of God. As
such we are all ministers and our lives are to be found worthy of our calling. Whether in
medicine, legal services, warehousing, homemaking or in sales, it is all meant to be
ministry oriented.
http://www1.gospelcom.net/iv/mdl/reflections/1999/09/reflect-09-19-1999.shtml
.
Blair, C. F.
Tentmaking: A Contextualized Approach to Islam.
Missiology, April, (1983).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Looking at ways in which we can best reach out into the host culture. Looking at
contextualization.
.
Boxtel, Henry Van
Tentmaker Resources Binder
Canadian Tentinaker Network (CTN), 155 East Beaver Creek Road, Unit 24, Suite 197,
Richmond Hill, ON L4B 2N1 CANADA
LIBRARY MISSIONS RESOURCE BINDER
A binder produced by CTN containing invaluable resources for ‘wannabe’
tentmakers serious about going international. Providing further resources and connections
to the tentmaking industry.
.
Bruce, Deborah
Tentmakers: Combining Calls and Careers.
Published by Research Services, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), Louisville, Ky., 1998
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Presbyterian Church of the United States research on the current use of tentmaking
by small church clergy and home missions pastors.
http://www.pcusa.org/pcusa/cmd/rs/tentmkr.htm
.
Bucher, Henry H.
John Leighton Wilson and the Mpongue: The Spirit of 1776 in Nineteenth Century Western
Africa.
Journal of Presbyterian History Fall, (1976).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
The article looks at Mr. Wilson’s role, played by American missionaries, and
looks at American business activities and various moral issues.
.
Butler, Phill
Tentmaking and Partnership for Tentmaking among the Unreached.
International Journal of Frontier Missions. Vol. 15:1, Jan - March (1998)
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
He discourages the go it alone approach in tentmaking. He encourages team
partnerships for the accomplishment of goals.
.
Campbell, Donald K.
I was a Host at the Abbey [Restaurant]: One’s Experiment as a Tentmaking Ministry.
Christian Ministry 13 no. 5 (Sept 1982): 23-25.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Cant, Marshall
Tentmaking.
Published by Abilene Christian University; 1994.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
He asks questions about the viability of tentmaking and includes one negative
response.
http://www.genesis.acu.edu/cplant/archive/vol1noO5.htm
.
Chaldran, David
Tentmaking in India.
International Journal of Frontier Missions 15: 1, Jan- Mar (1998).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
India is one closed country which lies deep within the 10/40 window, Tentmaking is not
only a commonly known term in India, but a growing number of churches are reaching
out to the unreached peoples through Christian professionals in mission ministry.
Tentmaking is just beginning to blossom in India. Churches have not received the vision of
what tentmakers can do.
.
Christiansen, Derek
Training: Endurance Food for Serious Tentmakers.
International Journal of Frontier Missions. Vol. 14:3, July - Sept. (1997)
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
In order to avoid the tentmaker fallout and increase effectiveness, we need to
prepare tentmakers with both theological and cross cultural skills.
.
Clarke, Carol
Tentmaking State of Art.
International Journal of Frontier Missions 14, no. 3(1997):103-105.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Once we consider the variables such as training, financial support, types of employment,
level of disclosure, etc. by which the Western world is distinguished, we can then
appreciate the perspectives of Christian service which is identified by the tentmaking.
.
Cox, John
The tentmaking movement in historical Perspective.
International Journal of Frontier Missions 14:3, July-Sept (1997).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
John Cox in this article shows how the tentmaking movement is proceeding through
history and how it is evolving as a significant mission strategy in today’s world.
.
Daniels, Joy
Not Your Typical Missionary: Your Profession may Allow You to Influence Lives in a
Country Closed to Traditional Evangelism.
Discipleship Journal Issue Seventy-eight (1993): 90-94.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Danker, William J.
Profit for the Lord.
Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1971.
LIBRARY BIOGRAPHY; MISSIONS
A surprising account of the various ways in which missionaries have utilised business
enterprises to assist the planting of the church and the benefit of new converts. It
specifically studies the Moravians and the Basel Mission Trading Company, concentrating
particularly on the economic structures they created to support their mission work.
(Source: Mission Books)
.
Dayton, E.R
Evangelism as Development.
In Perspectives on the World Christian Movement, A Reader. eds. R.D. Winter and S.C.
Hawthorne., 732-734. Pasadena, California: William Carey Library. 1983.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Pasadena, California: William Carey Library. 1983.In this article Dayton clearly
iterates that it is not solely development for the sake of development, with the gift of
Christ somehow accompanying it. He states that it is the spiritual need that needs
to be addressed first and foremost with Christ as the answer. This will then give the
motivation for developmental change. ‘Evangelism’ he states ‘is the
catalyst that makes the rest of the mix take form and endure.’
.
Dayton, E.R., and D.A. Fraser
Mission and the Church.
Perspectives on the World Christian Movement, A Reader. eds. R.D. Winter and S.C.
Hawthorne., 555-563. Pasadena, California: William Carey Library. 1983.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
This article shows the value that the authors hold on developmental ministries.
‘Christian development always has the intention of evangelization...’. It
produces effective relationships which sustain the development/enterprise. When the
enterprise is directed (with intention) to meeting the needs of the people, Christian
development will then become a powerful means of development; both of the workplace, and
of the soul.
.
Drewery, Mary
William Carey
Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House 1979
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
William Carey the father of modern missions was involved in business at an indigo
plantation during his missionary career.
.
East, James
Winning Hearts and Minds
In The Bangkok Post, Nov 18, 1997.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
A fascinating sketch of a 19 year old entrepreneur who moved to Thailand and lived for 7
years in a slum where he started a day care. He moved onto teaching English as a way
to fund his growing work. Also, as a way to increase funding and ministry he started an
importing business for jewelry making machinery. He currently funds multiple day cares,
hostels, as well as funding further education for many young people.
http://www.bkkpost.samart.co.th/news/BParchive/BP971118/1811_out.html
.
Emy, Ed
Keys to Effective Evangelism by Teaching English.
Evangelical Missions Quarterly 27, no. I(I 991): 6-9.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
The mission organization OMS, through an extensive ministry, has discovered eight
essential rules for effective evangelism by teaching English.
.
Escobar, Samuel
Missions’ New World Order: The Twentieth Century Calls for Us to Give Up Our
Nineteenth Century Models for Worldwide Ministry.
Christianity Today. November 14 (1994): 48-52
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Feliciano, Evelyn Miranda
Money and Power: all that matter in the Lord’s business?
Other Side 24:41-43 (1988)
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Topics include: colonialism, missions and indigenous workers as well as financing missions
efforts.
.
Fernando, Ajith
Missionaries Still Needed - But of a Special Kind.
Evangelical Missions Quarterly. July (1993)
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Francis, James and Leslie Francis, ed.
Tentmaking: Perspectives on Self-Supporting Ministry.
Morehouse Publishing, 1998.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Gibson, D.
Avoiding the Tentmaker Trap
WEC International, 1997, 155pp
LIBRARY MISSIONS
Tentmaking as a missionary strategy is more than a modern day fad. It is biblically sound
with a long history of Christian practice, beginning with the Apostle Paul. However,
tentmaking today can be fraught with difficulties and disappointments. Drawing from many
years of experience, Mr Gibson will guide you through some of the pitfalls that may await
the would-be tentmaker. Includes a resource list of over 130 book titles and over
100 addresses for further contacts and information. (Source: Mission Books)
.
Ginter, Gary
Overcoming Resistance Through Tentmaking.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Address to the National Meeting of the Evangelical Missiological Society, Nov. 20-22,
1997. Santa Clara, California. In this address Ginter identifies the key issue of
resistance as being spiritual in nature. Identifying it as a mode in the spiritual
warfare, it must then be fought with spiritual weapons. It is the weapons which are
displayed through genuine Christian action that will, through Christ, cause the
believer to overcome. In terms of tentmaking, the key to overcoming resistance is how one
uses their time. The calling of a Christian is generally two-fold; a specific calling
which leads to vocation, and a general calling which leads toward the fulfilment of
the great commission. This later ought to be intentional and purpose driven toward that
end. Intentional ministry may be the practical aspect of vocational ministry which meets
the needs of those around the workplace and eventually brings the confrontation of
Christ to them. It is ‘focussed and goal oriented.’ Success is ‘defined in
terms of kingdom values.’ ‘Kingdom professionals (tentmakers/Christians in
general) seek to serve God and man by faithfully fulfilling the roles given them by
their profession . . . effectively meeting the real felt needs of the people they
serve.’ The bottom line is that one must be overly ‘sensitive to God’s
leading in every circumstance.’
.
Gmur, Marco and Heinz Suter.
Business Power for God’s Purpose.
International Journal of Frontier Missions 15 no. 1 (Jan-Mar 1998).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Provides case studies to illustrate the power of business in witnessing and
evangelizing. Authors also drew ten principles for effective tentmaking.
.
Greenwood, Dorothy and Lipsett, Laurence.
Tentmaking: Modern Style.
Christian Ministry, (1981).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Griffiths, Michael
A Task Unfinished
Great Britian: Monarch Publications, 1996. pp. 122-139.
LIBRARY MISSIONS
A fresh look at self-supporting missionaries. Examines the history and biblical basis for
self-support and encourages a new way of thinking in the area of tentmaking. One
chapter in this book titled, ‘A Fresh Look at Self-Supporting Missionaries,’
gives small accounts of self-supporting and bi-vocational missionaries in history as well
as biblical accounts and a defence of Paul’s profession as a tentmaker in the
first century.
http://www.btc.co.za/missions/book01.htm
.
Guthrie, Stan.
Tentmaking: Putting Down Stakes in Missions Movement.
Christianity Today, (1995).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Hagen, David.
Strategic Impact through Multiplying Modular Business.
International Journal of Frontier Missions 15 no. 1 (Jan-Mar 1998).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Suggests that we establish modular (franchise or potentially becoming franchise)
business in the restricted access countries as tentmaking strategy.
.
Hamilton, Don.
Tentmakers Speak: Practical Advice from over 400 Missionary Tentmakers.
Regal Books, 1989. ISBN#: 0830713212.
LIBRARY MISSIONS
A significant proportion of the world’s population cannot be reached by traditional
missionary methods. But millions of these same people can be reached with the gospel
through the non-traditional ministry of tentmaking. This volume provides you with the
invaluable insight of over 400 veteran tentmakers worldwide. TMQ Research,
California, 1987, 99pp Source: Mission Books)
.
Hampton, Barbara
Wanted: Twentieth Century Tentmakers.
Eternity Magazine. February (1982)
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Harder, Harold J.
Using Business rather than Non-Profit Organizations for Charity and Evangelism: Now and
Beyond 2000.
Published on http://www.iclnet.org
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
A call to use business and missions combined for evangelism and mercy missions.
http://www.iclnet.org/pub/facdialogue/25/harder25
.
Hock, Ronald F.
The Social Context of Paul’s Ministry: Tentmaking and Apostleship.
Anglican Theological Review, (1983).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Humphrey, Keith and Jeanette
Evangelism Face-Forward.
True Aim - Promoting Frontier Missions to China, 1998.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Article against tentmaking as they understand it. They try to distinguish between biblical
and non-biblical tentmaking. They maintain that biblical tentmaking gives great
emphasis to confrontational gospel preaching.
http://www.newcity.org/trueaim/evangff.htm
.
Hupp, David M. and Martin, Danny D.
Mission Perspective of a Tentmaking Agency.
International Journal of Frontier Missions Vol. 14:3, July-Sept., (I 997).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
There is a difference between an ordinary traditional sending agency and a
tentmaking sending agency. The tentmaking agency needs to think up creative ways of how to
reach into so called, ‘closed countries’ This article looks at other issues in
dealing with the preparation of the tentmaker and the roles they play in the mission
field.
.
Kane, Herbert.
Life and Work on the Mission Field.
Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Book House, 1989.
LIBRARY MISSIONS
A well rounded book dealing with the three major aspects of the missionary: preparation,
life and missionary work. It is in the third and final section of the book in which
Kane addresses much of the traditional missionary work and brings about the need for a
more conventional, more effective and more real missionary service. He deals not only with
the more traditional and obvious (medical, radio and literature) roles, but also
into the more conventional areas such as community development. He sites the needs and
potential effectiveness of moving our service toward such dimension. Life and Work
on the Mission Field is more than a book of facts and ideas. Kane has given many concrete
examples of trend setting for the Master.
.
Kane, Herbert
The Making of a Missionary
Deerfield, Illinois: Baker Book House. 1987.
LIBRARY MISSIONS
This book talks about: 1) Mission myths. 2) What a missionary is. 3) How important is the
call 4) Obstacle and hang ups. 5) Qualifications. 6) Trends with tentmaking. 7)
Opposition to tentmaking. 8) Opportunities in tentmaking.
.
Kramm, Thomas ed.
Christian Mission Towards the Third N4illemuim: The Gospel of Hope
Mission Studies, (1988).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
A number of different articles including some business sessions.
.
Lai, Patrick.
Starting A Business in A Restricted Access Nation.
International Journal of Frontier Missions 15 no. 1 (Jan-Mar 1998).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Provides practical guidelines for reaching to the unreached countries, particularly
through establishing small businesses. E.g. Study the people, the culture and its trends
before arriving the country. Prepare yourself for jobs that the government will need not
now but three to five years from now.
.
Lai, Patrick
Tentmaking- In Search of a Workable Definition.
Published on the SIM Web Site.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
This article aims at defining tentmaking and helps the reader get an understanding of what
tentmaking is all about.
http>//www.sim.org/letters/tent,htmll.
.
Lewis, Johnathan.
Working Your Way to the Nations: A Guide to Effective Tentmaking
InterVarsity Press, 1997
LIBRARY MISSIONS
Tentmaking is a subject of strategic importance to world evangelisation. The concept is
biblical, historical precedents abound, and today’s missionary context demands
it. This book will fill a gap in the area since it provides a set of essays on effective
tentmaking by experienced and knowledgeable missions specialists from around the
world. Its concerns are practical but what makes this book doubly useful is the fact
that it is designed as a study text either for individual or group use. Anyone
contemplating the tentmaking role would be well advised to check out this book.
Edited by Jonathan Lewis, Wm Carey Library, 1993, 193pp (Source: Mission Books)
.
Lewis, Jonathan, ed.
Working Your Way to the Nations: A Guide to Effective Tentmaking.
Evangelical Missions Quarterly no. 30 (July 1994): 345.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Long, Justin
Gumption, guile and guts.
World Pulse 32, no. 1(1997): 4.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
A primer on bringing the gospel to restricted nations. Methods such as broadcasting,
social development, indigenous missions, student/expatriate missions,
non-residential missionaries and more are required to strengthen the overall missions
effort.
.
Lubbe, Gerrie.
A Church Struggling to be Relevant: A South African Case Study.
Missionalia 14 no. 1 (Apr 1986): 35-43.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Lucas, Doug
The Internet: Tentmaker’s Coffee Shop for the Nineties.
International Journal of Frontier Missions Vol. 15: 1, Jan. -March, (1998).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Tentmakers can do a lot of preparation on the Internet before they go off into the
field. The Internet can provide good links for the tentmaker to reach various different
business people around the world.
.
MacEoin, Gary.
How the CIA’s ‘Dirty Tricks’ Threaten Mission Efforts.
Christian Century, March 5,(1975).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Certain CIA activities may be penetrating Catholic and Protestant missionaries in South
America and Other Countries. This may possibly effect the tentmaker. The tentmaker
should be aware of such issues.
.
Malsteaed, Mala
Tentmaking in Uzbekistan.
Wherever Magazine 23, no. 2 (Winter 97-98),
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
This article is partially a reflection of the practical work of tentmaking in Uzbekistan.
This is the testimony of Mala Maisteaed and her husband Greg. They both teach
English in a country which has just gone through a change in government. A Muslim
dominated country, Greg and Mala build personal relationships through their ability to
teach English. Their view of tentmakers is based on the fact that they need to have
a tremendous amount of self-motivation in order to be an effective witness.
.
Malwitz, Nelson
A Call For Second Halfers.
The Gospel Message no. 2(1997): 4-5.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Second halfers, or boomers, have accumulated a life time of skills and enough money to
keep them productive for the second half of their adult lives. This is a suggestion
to boomers to consider self-supportive cross-cultural service.
.
Martin, Danny D.
The Place of Local Church in Tentmaking.
International Journal of Frontier Missions 14 no. 3 (1997): 131-132.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
There are many things the local [home] church can do for tentmakers to assist their
ministry: equipping the tentmaker, screening and formally sending tentmakers. They could
also offer financial supports and encouragement (letter, phone call, etc.) to support the
tentmaker.
.
McLoughlin, Mike
Scruples For Marketplace Christians & the Scruples Business & Missions Page
Published by YWAM Marketplace Mission, 1996-99.
LIBRARY MISSIONS WEB RESOURCE
A huge listing of publications and resources, seminar opportunities for those
serious about tentmaking and business enterprise. Also providing links to other mission,
church and marketplace ministries and almost anything else related to Christian services
and resources.
http://www.scruples.org
.
McQuilkin, Robertson.
Six Inflammatory Questions-Part 2.
Evangelical Missions Quarterly 30, no. 3 (1994): 258-264.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Debates on the topic of Tentmaking: pro’s and con’s for Tentmaking.
.
Miley, George
Entrepreneurs for the gospel.
Evangelicals Now March(1991): 15-16.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
The principles which made the Moravians the most successful Protestant missionary thrust
and accomplish more than any group are the same principles we can use now in order
to mobilize a lay movement.
.
Miller, Ron K.
Counting the Cost OR Evaluating International Employment Potentials
Published by Team Expansion, 3700 Hopewell Rd., Louisville, KY 40299-5002
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
This article takes a brief look at a comparison from the biblical tentmaking to
today’s tentmaking in the 20th Century. The authors speculate that the
door is wide open in most countries for entrepreneurs that can establish a business that
will enhance the economy of the host country and employ nationals. The rest of this
article takes a look at the technicality of establishing yourself overseas as a tentmaker.
http://www.teamexpansion.org/resources/recruitguide/resomr10.htm
.
Miller, Ralph
Entrepreneurial Tentmaking
Regent University
LIBRARY MISSIONS COURSE
Prepares Christians to start business in other cultures that have evangelism potentials.
Offers courses to help prepare tentmaking.
http://www.regent.edu/acad/schbus/enttent.html
.
Miller, Paul H.
The bi-Vocational Minister: Desirable for Africa?
Ogbomoso Journal of Theology no. 2 (Dec 1986): 19-32.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Discusses whether tentmaking ministry is adequate in the African context.
.
Moody, Dwight A.
On the Road Again.
Review and Expositor no. 92 (Winter 1995): 95-101.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Shows the biblical model of tentmaking, using the example of Priscilla and Aquila.
.
Moreau, A. Scott
Financing Missions.
To be Published in Evangelical Dictionary of World Missions, Baker Book House,
forthcoming 2000
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Deals with the Biblical models of financing missions. He presents the present types
of missionary support and the issues affecting missionary finance.
http://www.wheaton.edu/missions/moreau/articles/financing.htm
.
Morris, Robert D.
Shrewd Yet Innocent: Thoughts on Tentmaker Integrity.
International Journal of Frontier Missions 15, no. I(1998): 5-8.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
A suggestion to tentmakers: ‘respond to what has been asked, no more.’
There is not necessarily a contradiction in being a professional and a missionary. Double
agendas, hidden agendas, withholding the entire truth and secrecy are biblical.
.
Moyer, Bruce Campbell.
Tentmakers: A Bold New Adventure in Missions.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Seventh Day Adventist information about the idea of tentmaking and its potential.
http://www.andrew.edu/IWM/partners/TENTMAKERS.html
.
Murphy-O’Connor, Jerome.
Prisca and Aquila: Travelling Tentmakers and Church Builders.
Bible Review 8, no. 6 (1992): 40-51.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Accounts about Priscilla and Aquila’s missionary work, includes tentmaking as
their primary means to mission.
.
Nauman, Grant
Are You Tentmaking or Just Camping Out?
Discipleship Journal. (1991)
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Niringiye, David Zac
Jerusalem to Antioch to the World: A Biblical Missions Strategy (insights from Acts)
Evangelical Missions Quarterly . January (1990)
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Nordstrom, Dwight and Nielson, James.
How Business is Integral to Tentmaking.
International Journal of Frontier Missions. Vol. 15:1, Jan - March (1998):
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Practical business practices used to develop profitable business return as well as
long term commitment and accountability to missions agencies. Introduction to Tentmaking
Franchise International. Must have good business practices to be effective tentmaker (if
in business sector). Christian partnerships are important in tentmaking.
.
Norrish, Howard
Lone Ranger: Yes or No?
Evangelical Missions quarterly 26, no. I(1990): 6- 12.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Tentmaker’s have the same motivation for ministry but being associated with an agency
has benefits but it also has its disadvantages. Howard explores, with experience as
both Lone Ranger and association with a mission agency, the advantages and disadvantages
of both sides.
.
Ott, Craig
Let the Buyer Beware
Evangelical Missions Quarterly - July (1993): 286- 291.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Peat, Andrew
Redefining Missions.
Published by Christian Aid, U.S.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Personal account of tentmaking and an emphasis on partnering with national Christians in
other countries around the world.
http://www.christianaid.org/973pg4.htm
.
Phillips, Woodrow, and Pierson, Paul.
Proven approaches or creative alternatives.
In Supporting World Missions; ed by G Bennett, 47-64, 1984
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Indigenous workers, missions in the United States.
.
Price, David J.
The Tentmaker’s Mandate.
International Journal of Frontier Missions 14 no. 3 (1997): 107-110.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Tentmaking is a biblical model to evangelize. It’s not inferior to the traditional
church funded missionary approach, and it may be the only way to penetrate the
closed countries and hidden group of unreached people.
.
Purgason, Kitty Barnhouse.
Teaching English to the World: Options and Opportunities.
International Journal of Frontier Missions 15 no. 1 (Jan-Mar1998).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Teaching English has been one of the most common tools used for sharing faith,
especially in the international settings. Insights about teaching English in the
restricted-entry countries. Guidelines for preparing to become a TESOL teacher. Common
pitfalls to avoid.
.
Ramos, Robson
Tentmaking and Missions: A Reflection on the Brazilian Case.
International Journal of Frontier Missions. Jan.-Mar. 1998.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Ramos is based in Brazil and writing specifically about the current evangelization
of that country. Very informative and also enlightening. He is attacking the traditional
methods and states the urgency for immediate and rapid change on the part of mission
agencies. He has co-founded an organization called ‘Professionals in
Mission.’ Its purpose is to work with agencies in the conceptualization and
development of new strategies for the rapidly changing culture in Brazil.
.
Ramstad, Mans
Making Tents or Building Churches?
Evangelical Quarterly 32, no.4(1996): 416-421.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
In this interview, Mans Ramstad(pseudonym) pleads with tentmakers to have an objective of
discipleship and evangelism by which they pray, strategize, work and return for
evaluation.
.
Reapsome, James W.
Editor’s Analysis (Tentmaking Ministries).
Evangelical Missions Quarterly April, (1984).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
.
Reapsome, Jim
Paul: The Nonprofessional Missionary
Evangelical Missions Quarterly, Occasional Bulletin, Winter, 1997
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
The Author makes the point that Paul was a missionary part time and a self employed
business person part time. He did not as a means to accessing a nation but to
provide for his necessities. His work was an example to converts. Paul was a NON
Professional Missionary.
http://www.missiology.org/ems/bulletins/reapsome.htm
.
Reddekopp, Abe.
The Second Wave of Missionary Recruits. Are we ready?
The Gospel Message, (1997).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
After the Second World War there were a huge surge of Christian war veterans who decided
to equip themselves for the mission field after seeing such a huge need for the
gospel in other countries. Following on in their footsteps were their children. They would
go on to become missionaries only now in the career side of things. They were to be
tentmakers. This article also encourages people to head off into the mission and not
to leave it until it’s too late - meaning they get too old.
.
Richesin, L Dale.
Tentmaking in Today’s Economy.
Christian Ministry 27:23-24 (1996)
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Topics include: clergy in tentmaking ministries.
.
Roemmele, Michael
Cloak and Dagger Tentmakers Need Not Apply.
Evangelical Missions Quarterly. April (1993):164-169.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
The importance of a spiritual support group and the need for an organization to provide
accountability and credibility is presented.
.
Samuel, Vinay K. and Sugden, Christopher.
The Two-Thirds World Church and the Multinational Mission Agencies.
Missiology (1982).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
It seems that large mission organizations may be inclined to copy transnational
corporations in the way that they are run—which leads to the guys at the top, and
those with the money calling the shots.
.
Schwartz, Glenn
Missions Beyond the Economic Earthquake
Published by World Mission Associates, 825 Darby Lane, Lancaster, PA 17601-2009 USA,
(717) 898-2281 Fax: (717) 898-3993
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
The author concludes that an Economic Earthquake in the West would be a good thing
in the long run for Churches and Missions dependent on western money. Large
‘box’ operations, properties and businesses subsidized by Western Money are not
sustainable and will collapse if Western Money is withdrawn.The cycle of dependence
has to be broken and Churches must learn to stand on their own feet.
http://www.wmausa.org/beyond.htm
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Severn, Frank.
Missions and the Christian Businessman,
Published in Stick-to-it-iveness Succeeds, by F. Foster Furman, pp. 313-318,
Chattanooga, Tennessee: AMG Publishers. 1994.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Presents the truth that the Great Commission is not only for clergy but for all
believers including Christian businessmen.
.
Sider, E. Morris, ed.
The Self-supported Ministry and Home Life of John and Neillie Hostetter.
Brethren in Christ, History and Life no. 17 (Dec 1994): 311-328.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Biography of John and Nellie Hostetter as example of tentmakers. Describes their
tentmaking ministry and their family life.
.
Siemans, Ruth
Next Steps, Vol. 3 Tentmaking.
Published by Urbana Resources, 1996.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
General tentmaking article giving a definition of tentmaking as well as the type of work
available and the terms of employment.
http://www1.gospelcom.net/iv/urbana/ns03p26.html
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Siemans, Ruth
Secular Options for Missionary Work,
Published in Perspectives on the World Christian Movement- A Reader, eds. Ralph D.
Winter and Steven C. Hawthorne, pp. 770- 774. Pasedena, California: William Carey Library,
1981.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Being sensitized to spiritual warfare, Siemens parallels God’s regular army as
mission agencies. Realizing that three-quarters of God’s world is still enemy
occupied territory, she arouses the need for specialized forces ‘guerrilla
forces.’ She puts a call to those who not only can infiltrate enemy territory, but
also be welcomed while doing it. She calls those who can be welcomed into every structure
of a ‘closed society.’ She makes a call for tentmakers.
.
Siemans, Ruth
Tentmaking in the 1990’s Job Market.
Published by Global Opportunities Web site
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Pinpoints specific areas and skills needed to reach the 80% of the people of world that
live in restricted access countries. She tells what is happening in this changing
world and how we can get involved in obeying Christ’s command to go. Analysis on
various job-and-mission markets for tentmakers including the ex-Soviet world, Western
Europe, Latin American countries, Pacific Island countries, sub-Sahara Africa, North
African countries, Arab Gulf region, Middle East, and Pacific Rim countries. It discusses
some of the factors in choosing a tentmaking field and options open to tentmakers
(or those planning to be one). It also provides connection for people interested in the
ministry.
http://www.globalopps.org/tentmaki.htm
.
Siemans, Ruth
The Tentmakers Preparation.
Published by Global Opportunities Web site, 1997.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Practical ideas and resources from how to choose a vocation to how to prepare spiritually
for ministry, also dealing with interpersonal relationships involved in working on a
team.
http://www.globalopps.org/prepare.htm
.
Siemans, Ruth E.
Workplace Evangelism: How to Fish out Seekers.
Global Opportunities January, (1998).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
This article is about evangelizing and doing missionary work the way Peter and Paul done
it.
.
Siemens, Ruth
The tentmaker and Truthfulness - Is it ever right to lie?
Published by Global Opportunities
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
This article deals with the word of God being shared across seas. It deals with searching
the scripture for loopholes as they deal with problems in the mission field,
especially tentmakers in hostile countries. Issues such as lies, and bribery are dealt
with in a serious and a stern manner in the article.
http://www.globalopps.org/ethics.htm
.
Siemens, Ruth E.
The Vital Role of Tentmaking in Paul’s Mission Strategy.
International Journal of Frontier Missions 14, no. 3(1997): 121-129.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
An examination of Paul’s method and teaching and how his role of tentmaking
plays a part of his ministry. There are reasons why Paul used tentmaking as a part of his
ministry strategy.
.
Siemens, Ruth E.
Why Did Paul Make Tents? A Biblical Basis for Tentmaking.
Published by Global Opportunities Web site, 1996. (Apr 15, 1998).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
An in depth study of tentmaking especially focusing on the practice of the Apostle
Paul. She gives practical insights and suggestions on how to get involved in tentmaking.
Questions to explore on Paul’s model: how much did Paul work? What was Paul’s
strategy and how effective was it? What are the implications for us today? What
value does Paul’s strategy have for us today?
.
Siemens, Ruth E.
Workplace Evangelism: How to Fish Out Seekers.
Global Opportunity Papers Ministry Series (May 01, 1998): M-1.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Contrary to most of our approaches in evangelism (hunting approach) we should switch
to fishing approach. This is particularly relevant in the tentmaking ministry. Excellent
article. A must read for every gospel-preaching Christian.
.
Snyder, Daniel K.
Tentmaking’s No Picnic.
Evangelical Missions Quarterly 20, no. 2 (1984): 156-159.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Discusses the importance of preparation before actually engaging in the mission field.
.
Son, Normi
The Stump Overseas Mission.
Tentmakers International Exchange. Vol.5, no. 2: 1-2
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
The author tells the story of her struggling mission team with very little support and the
opportunity to become a flourishing totally self supporting, and growing team
through the development of a copying business. As the business grew and developed, so did
the ministries which it sustained.
.
Staub, C, Richard Jr.
Tentmaking, the layperson and your mission agency: a plan for integration in missions
strategy.
In Christian relief and development; ed by E Elliston, 297-307, 1989
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Tentmaking strategies.
.
Suter, Heinz and Gumer, Marco.
Business for God’s Purpose.
International Journal of Frontier Missions Vol. 15:1, Jan.-March, (1998).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Business and trade can provide opportunities for missions. It seems that the wheels
are turning slowly in this area due to the fact that this is a new concept for the church.
This article includes case studies that can help us see the opportunities within
tentmaking. Tentmakers can set good examples/demonstrate honesty within business.
They can even earn the right to be heard.
.
Suter, Heinz & Gmur, Dr. Marco.
Business Power for God’s Purpose
published by VkG, CH-3280 Greng-Murten, Switzerland, 1997.
LIBRARY MISSIONS
An evaluation of the biblical, historical and contemporary use of business in fulfilling
the task of the great commission. Major ethical ramifications are discussed.
.
Tan, Ben
Ten Tips on Christians Working Overseas in Creative Access Nations.
Published by Scruples for Marketplace Christians Web Site, 1997.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Practical instructions for tentmakers working in creative access countries.
http://www.scruples.org/bizetmiz/weblarticles/tentips.htm
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Taylor, Gary
Don’t Call Me a Tentmaker.
International Journal of Frontier Missions 15, no. 1 (1998): 23-26.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
The author who no longer wants to be identified as a tentmaker nor as a missionary, is now
presenting the gospel in the marketplace among the unreached peoples. He shares his
personal frustrations and gives warnings to those not following the biblical principles
serving in the marketplace.
.
Taylor, Gary
Rips in the Goatskins
Published by Strategic Ventures Network, 743 Gold Hill Square, Suite 190, Woodland
Park, CO 80866 USA
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
A personal testimony of the problems in developing and implementing a tentmaking
business.
http://www.scruples.org/bizetmiz/web/articles/notntmkg.htm
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Tebbe, James A.
For Tentmakers: a Matter of Integrity.
Evangelical Missions Quarterly 25, no. 1 (1989): 48-51.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Tentmakers need to come to terms with their personal identity in order to deal with direct
confrontations by people of the host country of their identity. How missionaries
(tentmakers in particular) should rightly represent themselves in both home country and
overseas. Many have different (perhaps fake or over-inflated) personalities when in
a different country.
.
Thomas, T.V.
What are the Implications of Limited Access Issues for Canadian Churches/Mission
Agencies?
Paper sponsored by International Centre for Ministry Development , 1997
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
A detailed examination of limited access issues including: why countries are closed;
an openness index; strategies such as non-traditional missionary strategies and their
implications. There is an extensive bibliography on limited access issues.
http://www.outreach.ca/publications/access.htm
.
Tsukahira, Peter
The Business of the Kingdom
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Guidelines for Businessmen and Women in the Relationship Between Business and Ministry.
http://www.scruples.org/bizetmiz/web/articles/buskngdm.htm
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Tucker, Ruth A.
From Jerusalem to Irian Jaya: A Biographical History of Christian Missions
Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan, 1983
LIBRARY MISSIONS
In one chapter (page 206 - 209) the author tells the story of Christian Missionaries
in the Hawaiian Islands who conducted business to support their ministry. These
missionaries and their children eventually left the ministry to carry on business and
exploited the land and people for profit. This is an unhappy chapter in the history
of business and missions.
.
Van Elderen, Marlin J.
Tentmaking ministry is part of freedom struggle.
One World 91:9-11 (1983)
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
This article speaks of tentmaking in South Africa.
.
Vaughan, Patrick.
A Historical Perspective on Ministers in Secular Employment.
In Working for the Kingdom, ed. J. Fuller and P. Vaughan, 117-187. 1986.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Seeing tentmaking through examples of Paul and history of Christian ministry.
.
Wagner, Peter
The Fourth Dimension of Missions: Strategy.
Perspectives on the World Christian Movement, A Reader. eds. R.D. Winter and S.C.
Hawthorne., 573. Pasadena, California: William Carey Library. 1974.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Although Wagner is not dealing specifically with marketplace ministries, he does relay the
need for, and the importance of, strategization in missions which can be incorporated into
any form of ministry. He highlights and develops four strategies: the right goals,
the right time and place, the right methods, and the right people.
.
Weerstra, Hans M. ed.
Adopt-a-People.
International journal of frontier Missions Jan.-March, (1995).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
A number of different articles including some on business.
.
Wilson, J. Christy Jr.
Successful Tentmaking Depends on Mission Agencies.
International Journal of Frontier Missions Vol., 14:3, July-Sept., (1997).
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
This article encourages the need of missionary organizations for successful
tentmaking as the tentmaker heads out into the mission field. It also talks about he great
need that there is for tentmakers around the world.
.
Wilson, Jr., J. Christy.
Today’s Tentmakers.
Wheaton, IL: Tyndale, 1979.
LIBRARY MISSION; SMALL BUSINESS
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Winter, Ralph D. (Editor)and Hawthorne, Steven C. (Editor)
Perspectives on the World Christian Movement: A Reader
William Carey Library Publishers, 1992.
LIBRARY MISSIONS
This book is a multi-faceted collection of readings focused on the biblical,
cultural, and strategic dimensions of the task of world evangelization. The editors have
pooled the contributions of over 70 authors to provide laymen and college students with an
introduction to the history and potential of the World Christian Movement.
http://www.uscwm.org/
.
Wong, Sabrina
Teaching, Tents and Telling the Good News.
International Journal of Frontier Missions 15, no. 1(1998): 19-21.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
Providing economic development in Central Asia is seen as the answer for a better
way than atheism. Providing this development creates a social identity with great
potential to share the good news to people who want educators and business people and not
necessarily evangelicals.
.
Yamamori, Tetsunao
Penetrating Missions’ Final Frontier - A New Strategy for Unreached Peoples.
InterVarsity Press, 1993, 214pp
LIBRARY MISSIONS
In this fast-paced book, you will get a whirlwind tour of the world that remains
virtually untouched by Christianity. In addition, the author offers creative
strategies for penetrating those parts of the world that have been most resistant. This
book will be of special interest to would-be tentmakers. (Source: Mission Books)
http://www1.gospelcom.net/ivpress/title/1370.html
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Yu, Danny
Church in the Marketplace
Perspectives on the World Christian Movement, A Reader. eds. R.D. Winter and S.C.
Hawthorne., 715. Pasadena, California: William Carey Library.
LIBRARY MISSIONS ARTICLE
A brief story of a Chinese woman in her sixties during the cultural revolution in
which there was much attack against the church. This lady was relocated into a remote
rural community village where there were very few Christians. Once the awareness of each
other as Christians was there, there was a need and desire to have a fellowship
meeting place. But where and when? How would it be done without causing destruction or
suspicion? Literally a marketplace enterprise was established and right over the
heads of suspicious and easily distracted communists the church grew. In the space of a
few years the church tripled in size and split. The key warning phrase for this group was
‘mother, we’re out of salt.’ How ironic, it seems to me there was
lots of salt; truly the ‘salt of the earth.’
.